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Roberts other private interviews show the decadence of many around him: A Minister closely involved in the decision-making process, In fact we were just stalling and hoping for the best One of Mr. Churchills private secretaries, at that time it seemed a very good idea to get bus conductors and stuff a junior minister, it was becoming hard to find somebody to carry your bags at the station. On the 27th of June 1953 Sir Winston suffered a stroke that left him paralysed down the left side. Interviewed by Andrew Roberts his Foreign Affairs Personal Secretary Anthony Montague- Brown recalled that he was simply too tired to deal with the immigration problem. He could concentrate on a few big issues at a time- like the Russians -and the rest of the time he could only give a steer and not see it through. (7) His Private Secretary, Sir John Colville, noted in The Fringes of Power, "He is getting tired and visibly ageing. He finds it hard to compose a speech and ideas no longer flow. (8) Just before he gave up the Premiership in 1955 Mr. Churchill told Spectator owner and editor Ian Gilmour that West Indian immigration "is the most important subject facing this country, but I cannot get any of my ministers to take any notice". (9) Two had noticed: Oliver Lyttleton (later Lord Chandos) wanted a £500 deposit paid by immigrants to prevent them coming here for welfare benefits; the fifth Marquess of Salisbury believed that immigration was a threat to the fabric of society and the flow attracted by our welfare state would increase even if employment dropped. On the 20th of March 1954 he wrote to Viscount Swinton: Though only just beginning to push its ugly head above the surface of politics. It may eventually fill the whole political horizon (10) Cabinet set up an Inter Departmental Committee under chairman W.H.Cornish of the Home Office, to look into preventing an increase in the number coming for employment. It reconvened in January 1953 and reported its findings in December of that year. This Inter Departmental Committee comprised Ministry of Labour and National Service, the National Assistance Board, the Colonial Office and Chief Constables from areas where immigrants were settling. January 1954 Home Secretary Maxwell Fyfe reported on the findings of the Home Office Working party on the Social and Economic Problems Arising from the Growing Influx into the United Kingdom of Coloured Workers, which had deliberated for 13 months. He stated the unskilled workers who form the majority are difficult to place because on the whole they are physically unsuited to heavy manual work (11) Britain was the only Commonwealth country that allowed every Commonwealth citizen automatic entry. Mr. Churchill asked his staff to find out about difficulties in Lambeth, Brixton and Cardiff. (12) The Cabinet Secretaries Notebooks released to the public in August 2007 are the handwritten notes made by the Cabinet Secretary of Cabinet Meetings as the Senior Secretary. This was Sir Norman Brook. They record that on 3 February 1954, for example, under the item 'Coloured Workers', Sir Winston stated Problems which will arise if many coloured people settle here. Are we to saddle ourselves with colour problems in the UK? Attracted by Welfare State. Public opinion in UK won't tolerate it once it gets beyond certain limits.' Florence Horsbrugh, Minister of Education and Conservative MP for Manchester Moss Side, added: 'Already becoming serious in Manchester.' David Maxwell-Fyfe, the Home Secretary, gave a figure of 40,000 compared to 7,000 before the Second World War and raised the possibility of immigration control. He said: 'There is a case on merits for exclude. riff-raff. But politically it wd. be represented & discussed on basis of colour limitation. That wd. offend the floating vote viz., the old Liberals. We shd. be reversing age-long tradition that. British Subjects have right of entry to mother-country of Empire. We should. offend Liberals, also sentimentalists.' He added: 'The colonial. populations are resented in Liverpool, Paddington & other areas by those who come into contact with them. But those who don't are apt to take a more Liberal view.' Churchill intervened: 'Question . is whether it is politically wise to allow public feeling to develop a little more before taking action.' Adding that it would be 'fatal' to let the situation develop too far, the Prime Minister is recorded as concluding: 'Would like also to study possibility of "quota" - no. not to be exceeded.' Another cabinet member referred to an "increasing evil" and said that principles "laid down 200 yrs. ago are not applicable to-day. See dangers of colour discriminn. But other [Dominions] control entry of B. subjects. Cd. we present action as coming into line...& securing uniformity?" Churchill said the question was whether it might be wise "to allow public feeling to develop a little more - before takg. action...May be wise to wait...But it wd. be fatal to let it develop too far." (13) The Cabinet was divided. There were M.P.s who were under pressure from
their constituencies with immigrant populations but others who believed
in the Commonwealth and those who feared the consequences. This division
was very much between the more practical ones on the back benches and
the utopian idealists in power. Salisbury and Lyttleton wanted restrictions
though Swinton and Maxwell Fyfe wanted powers to deportation convicted
criminals and those on National Assistance. In cabinet in October 1954 Mr. Churchill warned Maxwell Fyfe, that
the problems arising from the immigration of coloured people required
urgent and serious consideration. Maxwell-Fyfe emphasised that
there is no power to prevent these people entering no matter how much
the number may increase. (15) The Prime Ministers Papers for November show three further attempts to get information on the situation. By the end of 1954 Churchill had overseen thirteen Cabinet discussions on controlling immigration. Further, he was having a Bill to deport criminals and those who were a charge on the state drafted but it was not prepared until June 1955, two months after he had retired. His succesor Anthony Eden was an internationalist who told Conservative Cyril Osborne in the House of Commons, There is no question of any action being taken to control immigration and in any case most were from Eire. Then in November Edens Cabinet buried discussion of immigration. If Sir Winston had been well we would not know be suffering the gun killings and knivings or Muslim bombings of our people. Harold Macmillan entered in his diary for January 20th 1955, "More discussion about the West Indian immigrants. A Bill is being drafted - but it's not an easy problem. P.M. thinks 'Keep England White' a good slogan! (17) David Hamilton
Hennessy's reference is: Peter Catterall (ed.), 'The Macmillan Diaries: The Cabinet Years, 1950-1957' (Macmillan, 2003) p 382. This is an example of how people have tried to keep this aspect of Churchills beliefs quiet. We have heard nothing of this since 2003! 2 Longmans.1899. pp. 248-50 3 Reprinted in This England. 4 Robert Harris. 16/4/1994. Spectator 5 Zig Layton-Henry. 1992 The politics of immigration. p31 5 The Diaries of Alexander Cadogan. 1938-45, for 13/10/1942). 6 CC100(52)8(cabinet Conclusions on 25/11/1952, CAB 128/25; The Post Master Generals report and the Chancellor being asked to restrict entry to the Civil Service is in CC106(52), 8/12/1952, CAB 128 7 PREM11/824. The papers of British Prime Ministers are classified under PREM. 8 Sir John Colville.1985.The Fringes of Power. P654 9 Inside Right. Sir Ian Gilmour (Quartet.1977) 10 For The views of Lord Salisbury and Oliver Lyttleton (later Lord
Chandos) see British Immigration Policy since 1939:The Making of Multi-Racial
Britain, 11 P.R.O. CC100(52)8 Cabinet Conclusions) on 25th November, CAB128/25. His papers for this month show three other attempts to discuss immigration. 12 Report of the Working Party on Coloured People Seeking Employment in the United Kingdom. 17th December 1953. CAB124/1191 13 PRO, PREM11/824CC (54) 7 Conclusions, minute 4, 3 Feb.1954. 14 Cabinet Secretaries Notebooks. The eleventh Notebook (CAB 195/11) (released August 2007) covers the period 3.12.52 - 26.2.54. 15 Nicholas Deakin.s PHD thesis. The Immigration Issue.p32 16 ibid Peter Hennessey and Peter Catterall The text below comes from the Civil Liberty website, it's by Kevin Scott BA Hons, the Founder and Director." This will come as a surprise to many of our friends based overseas but Great Britain is now one of the most repressive regimes in the world. We operate under the tyranny of political correctness which is just a floppy term for the repressive implementation of one single, dare we say, rather twisted, view of human society, which doesn't allow for dissent or opposition. The regime creates the framework within which they declare views are either acceptable and tolerated or unacceptable and repressed. It is a framework which defies common sense and is one which even declares that in a court of law, the truth shall be no defence. " |